Thursday, December 3, 2009
RJA #15b: Reflection on What You Learned
In english 1020, I learned a lot about social networking sites and research outlets. I was able to define the differences between different styles of documentation, and hopefully that will serve me well in future classes. I also learned a lot about organization and composition because of having to write a 12-page paper. Beforehand, the longest paper I had written was about 6 pages, so the difference was pretty overwhelming. Although I had a few problems along the way, I was able to complete a good paper (at least I think it is until I find out otherwise) and i'm hoping that I was able to earn an A for the course.
RJA #15a: Word Cloud
This is the url for my wordle word cloud.
http://www.wordle.net/show/wrdl/1406888/human_genetic_manipulation
http://www.wordle.net/show/wrdl/1406888/human_genetic_manipulation
Sunday, November 22, 2009
RJA #14: Annotated Bibliography, Part 2
-Baxamusa, Batul N. "Genetic Engineering in Humans." Buzzle.com. Ed. Sayali B. Patil. Buzzle, 23 Sept. 2009. Web. 10 Nov. 2009.
This source was really useful in relating the background information for my topic. The author has a couple of bachelor's degrees in micro biology and genetics, so she obviously knows what she's talking about. The site that this is published on seems very credible too because it's a collaboration of various experts in different fields. The main points that I will use this source for is to illustrate how genetic manipulation is done.
-Bohlin, Ray G. "Human Genetic Engineering." Leadership U. Probe Ministries International, 5 Jan. 2009. Web. 2 Nov. 2009.
This source is very credible and important because the author has 3 different degrees in related fields, and because the author is part of a Christian organization his writing won't be biased towards approval of human genetic manipulation. His opinion will be helpful in shaping arguments and cross-arguments for objections.
-Brenner, Matt. "Human Cloning and Genetic Modification." Association of Reproductive Health Professionals Ed. Janet Riessman. Center for Genetics and Society, 15 Jan. 2009. Web. 16 Nov. 2009.
Again, this source is going to be useful in presenting background information, as well as for the argument i'm making in support of human genetic manipulation. The author seems very credible and knowledgeable concerning the topic, and doesn't appear to have any particular bias.
-Genome Management Information System. Human Genome Project Information. Ed. Holly L. Haun. U.S. Department of Energy, 30 July 2008. Web. 8 Nov. 2009.
This source is going to be very helpful because this site is controlled and operated by the Human Genome Project who do the majority of genetic research in the United States. The background information, as well as pro arguments for this technology will be in great number on this site, but it will be good for at least one side of my argument.
-Gruskin, Sofia, Michael A. Groden, and Stephen P. Marks. Perspectives on Health and Human Rights. New York: Taylor & Francis Group, 2005. 169-75. Print.
This book talks about the societal and ethical implications of human genetic manipulation. I used it in the formation of my arguments and cross-arguments in the paper, and some of the reasoning behind why i'm making the argument I am.
-Guttmacher, Alan E. National Human Genome Research Institute Ed. Francis S. Collins. National Institutes of Health, 1 June 2002. Web. 1 Nov. 2009.
This site is a division of the National Institutes of Health, so it's obviously really credible. This is where I got one of my figures for the paper, and some of the background and pro arguments for my paper.
This source was really useful in relating the background information for my topic. The author has a couple of bachelor's degrees in micro biology and genetics, so she obviously knows what she's talking about. The site that this is published on seems very credible too because it's a collaboration of various experts in different fields. The main points that I will use this source for is to illustrate how genetic manipulation is done.
-Bohlin, Ray G. "Human Genetic Engineering." Leadership U. Probe Ministries International, 5 Jan. 2009. Web. 2 Nov. 2009.
This source is very credible and important because the author has 3 different degrees in related fields, and because the author is part of a Christian organization his writing won't be biased towards approval of human genetic manipulation. His opinion will be helpful in shaping arguments and cross-arguments for objections.
-Brenner, Matt. "Human Cloning and Genetic Modification." Association of Reproductive Health Professionals Ed. Janet Riessman. Center for Genetics and Society, 15 Jan. 2009. Web. 16 Nov. 2009.
Again, this source is going to be useful in presenting background information, as well as for the argument i'm making in support of human genetic manipulation. The author seems very credible and knowledgeable concerning the topic, and doesn't appear to have any particular bias.
-Genome Management Information System. Human Genome Project Information. Ed. Holly L. Haun. U.S. Department of Energy, 30 July 2008. Web. 8 Nov. 2009.
This source is going to be very helpful because this site is controlled and operated by the Human Genome Project who do the majority of genetic research in the United States. The background information, as well as pro arguments for this technology will be in great number on this site, but it will be good for at least one side of my argument.
-Gruskin, Sofia, Michael A. Groden, and Stephen P. Marks. Perspectives on Health and Human Rights. New York: Taylor & Francis Group, 2005. 169-75. Print.
This book talks about the societal and ethical implications of human genetic manipulation. I used it in the formation of my arguments and cross-arguments in the paper, and some of the reasoning behind why i'm making the argument I am.
-Guttmacher, Alan E. National Human Genome Research Institute Ed. Francis S. Collins. National Institutes of Health, 1 June 2002. Web. 1 Nov. 2009.
This site is a division of the National Institutes of Health, so it's obviously really credible. This is where I got one of my figures for the paper, and some of the background and pro arguments for my paper.
Saturday, November 14, 2009
RJA #13b: Annotated Bibliography, Part 1
1) Gunderson, Martin. "Seeking Perfection: A Kantian Look at Human Genetic". Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 2007: 87-102. Web 10 October 2009.
This source seems very credible because it has a lot of outside research. It's not going to be very useful for practical reasons because it deals a lot with the ethics which can be very subjective. The article is published in a medical journal though so it should be credible enough for me to use in my paper. I think that i'm going to use it mostly to present the opposing argument and refute it.
2) Simmons, D. (2008) Genetic inequality: Human Genetic Engineering. Nature Education 1(1). Web 17 October 2009.
This source seems pretty credible also. It is published by a site that has a lot of credibility and asserts itself as being academic. I think I can use this in my paper, but i'll have to be careful to use only information written by experts, and not people who are replying or commenting. This particular source will be good to use in the body of my argument. It has information on the practice of human genetic manipulation, so that will be useful when arguing for this research.
3) Shanks, Pete. Human Genetic Engineering: A Guide for Activists, Skeptics, and the Very Perplexed. New York: Nation Books, 2005.
This book seems very credible because the author has a couple of degrees and he has written other scholarly books on similar subjects. The sources for his writing are vast and diverse so I believe he got an objective view of the topic. This source will be useful for making my argument for human genetic manipulation, as well as in presenting some background information at the beginning of my paper.
4) Communications and Public Liaison Branch, "Genome.gov". National Human Genome Research Institute. Web 15 October 2009
This source is extremely credible because this is the organization that is doing the majority of research on this topic. They are isolating and categorizing all of the genomes in human DNA. This source will be useful for presenting some arguments for human genetic manipulation, as well as technical background information and examples.
This source seems very credible because it has a lot of outside research. It's not going to be very useful for practical reasons because it deals a lot with the ethics which can be very subjective. The article is published in a medical journal though so it should be credible enough for me to use in my paper. I think that i'm going to use it mostly to present the opposing argument and refute it.
2) Simmons, D. (2008) Genetic inequality: Human Genetic Engineering. Nature Education 1(1). Web 17 October 2009.
This source seems pretty credible also. It is published by a site that has a lot of credibility and asserts itself as being academic. I think I can use this in my paper, but i'll have to be careful to use only information written by experts, and not people who are replying or commenting. This particular source will be good to use in the body of my argument. It has information on the practice of human genetic manipulation, so that will be useful when arguing for this research.
3) Shanks, Pete. Human Genetic Engineering: A Guide for Activists, Skeptics, and the Very Perplexed. New York: Nation Books, 2005.
This book seems very credible because the author has a couple of degrees and he has written other scholarly books on similar subjects. The sources for his writing are vast and diverse so I believe he got an objective view of the topic. This source will be useful for making my argument for human genetic manipulation, as well as in presenting some background information at the beginning of my paper.
4) Communications and Public Liaison Branch, "Genome.gov". National Human Genome Research Institute. Web 15 October 2009
This source is extremely credible because this is the organization that is doing the majority of research on this topic. They are isolating and categorizing all of the genomes in human DNA. This source will be useful for presenting some arguments for human genetic manipulation, as well as technical background information and examples.
RJA #13a: Field Research Report
Survey:
Questions
1) Should human genetic manipulation be allowed?
2) " " for treating medical conditions?
3) " " for embryos and egg cells to prevent birth defects and disease?
4) If you could choose what your child would look like, would you?
5) Do you think human genetic manipulation will be beneficial to society as a whole?
Results
1) Yes-31, No-19
2) Yes-35, No-15
3) Yes-20, No-30
4) Yes-14, No-36
5) Yes-28, No-22
Questions
1) Should human genetic manipulation be allowed?
2) " " for treating medical conditions?
3) " " for embryos and egg cells to prevent birth defects and disease?
4) If you could choose what your child would look like, would you?
5) Do you think human genetic manipulation will be beneficial to society as a whole?
Results
1) Yes-31, No-19
2) Yes-35, No-15
3) Yes-20, No-30
4) Yes-14, No-36
5) Yes-28, No-22
Thursday, November 5, 2009
RJA #12b: Presentation Plan
The types of human genetic manipulation:
-somatic
a) description of how it's done.
-germ line
a) description of how it's done.
-differences between the two.
Applications of human genetic manipulation:
-treatments and therapies
a) List of different conditions that can be treated by human genetic manipulation
-Alzheimers
-Diabetes
-Lymphoma
-Cystic Fibrosis
-Muscular Dystrophy
(1) non-pathogenic virus to insert missing or broken genomes into body cells which replicate and allow DNA to function normally and the condition is corrected or improved.
b) Example- Diabetes- allows DNA to spur more natural insulin production in the pancreas (focused treatment on pancreas cells, or can allow the body to use insulin more efficiently and metabolize glucose (blood treatment).
c) Better drugs can be produced based on effects on genetic samples (drugs that are more specialized and more efficient-some used in the U.K.)
-disease prevention
a) list of preventable diseases
-Achondoplasia (genetic cause of dwarfism)
-Bipolar disorder
-Down Syndrome
-Hemophilia
-Huntington's disease
-Sicle Cell Anemia
-color blindness
b) Example- germline modification will allow DNA to be 'mapped' and genome or chromosome anomolies that cause genetic disease can be treated before birth (therefore the child will be born without said condition.
-somatic
a) description of how it's done.
-germ line
a) description of how it's done.
-differences between the two.
Applications of human genetic manipulation:
-treatments and therapies
a) List of different conditions that can be treated by human genetic manipulation
-Alzheimers
-Diabetes
-Lymphoma
-Cystic Fibrosis
-Muscular Dystrophy
(1) non-pathogenic virus to insert missing or broken genomes into body cells which replicate and allow DNA to function normally and the condition is corrected or improved.
b) Example- Diabetes- allows DNA to spur more natural insulin production in the pancreas (focused treatment on pancreas cells, or can allow the body to use insulin more efficiently and metabolize glucose (blood treatment).
c) Better drugs can be produced based on effects on genetic samples (drugs that are more specialized and more efficient-some used in the U.K.)
-disease prevention
a) list of preventable diseases
-Achondoplasia (genetic cause of dwarfism)
-Bipolar disorder
-Down Syndrome
-Hemophilia
-Huntington's disease
-Sicle Cell Anemia
-color blindness
b) Example- germline modification will allow DNA to be 'mapped' and genome or chromosome anomolies that cause genetic disease can be treated before birth (therefore the child will be born without said condition.
RJA #12a: Progress Report
For the purposes of writing my paper i've completed a lot. I'm already finished with the formal outline and planning for it, as well as the vast majority of the research that i'm going to need to complete the paper. I've already figured out what type of visuals i'm going to use in the paper itself, and i'm done with my field research (email interview). Also, I have already written the introduction to the paper, and although it may need some slight revisions, it's pretty good.
However, there's still some things I need to do to finish the paper. I need to finish siting my sources on a bibliography and select the specific diagrams that i'm going to use for my visuals. Also, I need to write the first draft of the body and the conclusion, but this should be relatively easy considering I have my outline. From there I just need to worry about annotating my bibliography and making sure that my paper is concise and well-written.
To finish the first draft, I plan taking time next week after I make my presentation. By the night of the 18th I will have completed the writing so that I can focus on finishing my bibliography then. Any futher research I will finish during the weekend after class on the 12th.
However, there's still some things I need to do to finish the paper. I need to finish siting my sources on a bibliography and select the specific diagrams that i'm going to use for my visuals. Also, I need to write the first draft of the body and the conclusion, but this should be relatively easy considering I have my outline. From there I just need to worry about annotating my bibliography and making sure that my paper is concise and well-written.
To finish the first draft, I plan taking time next week after I make my presentation. By the night of the 18th I will have completed the writing so that I can focus on finishing my bibliography then. Any futher research I will finish during the weekend after class on the 12th.
Wednesday, October 28, 2009
RJA #11c: Thesis Statement Check
http://jalves1.blogspot.com/2009/10/research-journal-assignment-10a.html
http://stinoeng.blogspot.com/2009/10/rja-10a.html
http://stinoeng.blogspot.com/2009/10/rja-10a.html
RJA #11b: Visual Aids
1) A diagram illustrating how either, or both types of genetic manipulation is executed.
2) A picture that shows how genetic modifaction is used to treat disease.
3) A table of results of a poll taken to see popular opinion on different aspects of human genetic manipulation
-should it be legalized?
-should it be allowed in embryos?
-is it better or worse overall for society?
-etc.
4) A chart of possible recipients of genetic therapies derived from human genetic manipulation-people who would benefit from the technology based on different ailments or diseases (diabetes, cancer,etc.).
5) Picture/s of people with conditions that can be treated using human genetic manipulation, or of children with medically-involved birth defects that could have been prevented by h.g. manipulation (down syndrome, autism, etc.)?
2) A picture that shows how genetic modifaction is used to treat disease.
3) A table of results of a poll taken to see popular opinion on different aspects of human genetic manipulation
-should it be legalized?
-should it be allowed in embryos?
-is it better or worse overall for society?
-etc.
4) A chart of possible recipients of genetic therapies derived from human genetic manipulation-people who would benefit from the technology based on different ailments or diseases (diabetes, cancer,etc.).
5) Picture/s of people with conditions that can be treated using human genetic manipulation, or of children with medically-involved birth defects that could have been prevented by h.g. manipulation (down syndrome, autism, etc.)?
RJA #11a: Introduction
Imagine you have cancer- metastatic melanoma to be exact, which means that your immune system is deficient and can't help you recover if you get sick. This means that if you get even the slightest cold or minor infection it could cause you to become violently ill or possibly die. Now imagine there's a treatment that could significatly restore your immunities by attacking the cancer cells and bolstering your health- sounds like something out of a science-fiction book right? Wrong! With human gene therapies and human genetic manipulation, this relief as well as many other treatments are already possible. Human genetic manipulation and testing should only be allowed for the purpose of treating malevolent medical conditions. This would set a clear guideline on how far the implementation of this technology could go which will prevent possible, negative consequences such as engineering people for aesthetic purposes, or overpopulation due to extended longevity. While preventing overuse and abuse of this powerful new technology, such restrictions will allow this research to be utilized to help improve the lives of millions.
Thursday, October 22, 2009
RJA #10b: Argument
Argument:
+++Reason 1
--Practical-Human genetic manipulation can alleviate existing conditions for people who suffer from genetic diseases: spina bifita, autism, certain types of cancer,etc.
-less expensive therapy without potential side effects (other medications or radiation therapy)
-Ethics-utilitarian approach (maximizing happiness/minimizing suffering)
+++Reason 2
--Practical-germ line manipulation would allow children to be born without maladies which means less suffering on their part, and less expenditures on health care
-this research could allow parents to prevent their child being born with preventable diseases, but the line must be drawn at what is absolutely necessary for well-being
-Draws the line at necessary medical conditions.
-preventing engineered people for purposes that aren't medically important would disallow 'designer babies'
-could prevent diseases from being passed to subsequent generations.
-Ethical-Utilitarianism, Deontology (respects a universal maxim that all would chose to be born free of maladies)
+++Reason 3
--Practical-If we use genetic engineering too extensively, then there will be societal drawbacks:
-with cosmetic human genetic manipulation people's differences would be more scrutinized in a malevolent sense because engineered people would be 'elite' as opposed to people born with 'flaws'.
-if human genetic manipulation was limited to disease-control/prevention purposes alone, it would prevent weapons applications also
-too much genetic manipulation could cause unforeseen consequences such as DNA degeneration or mutation
-too much manipulation on traits like longevity will greatly affect the rate of population growth.
-Ethical-utilitarianism (max. happiness by preventing discrimination, etc. spurred by creating people- reference Hitler) Deontology (Preserves the humanity and individualism of an unborn person by not changing physical traits for cosmetic purposes)
+++Reason 1
--Practical-Human genetic manipulation can alleviate existing conditions for people who suffer from genetic diseases: spina bifita, autism, certain types of cancer,etc.
-less expensive therapy without potential side effects (other medications or radiation therapy)
-Ethics-utilitarian approach (maximizing happiness/minimizing suffering)
+++Reason 2
--Practical-germ line manipulation would allow children to be born without maladies which means less suffering on their part, and less expenditures on health care
-this research could allow parents to prevent their child being born with preventable diseases, but the line must be drawn at what is absolutely necessary for well-being
-Draws the line at necessary medical conditions.
-preventing engineered people for purposes that aren't medically important would disallow 'designer babies'
-could prevent diseases from being passed to subsequent generations.
-Ethical-Utilitarianism, Deontology (respects a universal maxim that all would chose to be born free of maladies)
+++Reason 3
--Practical-If we use genetic engineering too extensively, then there will be societal drawbacks:
-with cosmetic human genetic manipulation people's differences would be more scrutinized in a malevolent sense because engineered people would be 'elite' as opposed to people born with 'flaws'.
-if human genetic manipulation was limited to disease-control/prevention purposes alone, it would prevent weapons applications also
-too much genetic manipulation could cause unforeseen consequences such as DNA degeneration or mutation
-too much manipulation on traits like longevity will greatly affect the rate of population growth.
-Ethical-utilitarianism (max. happiness by preventing discrimination, etc. spurred by creating people- reference Hitler) Deontology (Preserves the humanity and individualism of an unborn person by not changing physical traits for cosmetic purposes)
RJA #10a: Thesis Statement
Research Question-
Should human genetic manipulation and testing be legalized for medical purposes?
Precise Claim-
Human genetic manipulation and testing on humans should be legalized for medical purposes, but only for treatment of serious existing medical conditions.
Reasons-
1)Human genetic manipulation can alleviate existing conditions for people who suffer from genetic diseases such as spina bifita, autism, etc.
-less expensive therapy without potential side effects
2)This research can allow parents to prevent their child being born with preventable diseases but the distinction must be made between what is medically necessary and what isn't- therefore it would prevent manipulation from going too far-i.e. engineering people to be a specific way (physical attributes, mental capacity, etc.)
3)If we use genetic enginnering too extensively, then there will be societal drawbacks such as overpopulation.
Thesis:
Human genetic manipulation and testing should only be allowed for the purpose of treating malevolent medical conditions. This would set a clear guideline on how far the implementation of this technology could go which will prevent possible negative consequences such as engineering people for unnecessary purposes and overpopulation due to extended longevity, and it will allow this research to be utilized to help improve the lives of already-living people.
Should human genetic manipulation and testing be legalized for medical purposes?
Precise Claim-
Human genetic manipulation and testing on humans should be legalized for medical purposes, but only for treatment of serious existing medical conditions.
Reasons-
1)Human genetic manipulation can alleviate existing conditions for people who suffer from genetic diseases such as spina bifita, autism, etc.
-less expensive therapy without potential side effects
2)This research can allow parents to prevent their child being born with preventable diseases but the distinction must be made between what is medically necessary and what isn't- therefore it would prevent manipulation from going too far-i.e. engineering people to be a specific way (physical attributes, mental capacity, etc.)
3)If we use genetic enginnering too extensively, then there will be societal drawbacks such as overpopulation.
Thesis:
Human genetic manipulation and testing should only be allowed for the purpose of treating malevolent medical conditions. This would set a clear guideline on how far the implementation of this technology could go which will prevent possible negative consequences such as engineering people for unnecessary purposes and overpopulation due to extended longevity, and it will allow this research to be utilized to help improve the lives of already-living people.
Wednesday, October 21, 2009
Thursday, October 15, 2009
RJA #9: Evaluation of Sources
-Gunderson, Martin. "Seeking Perfection: A Kantian Look at Human Genetic". Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 2007: 87-102.
This source seems very credible because it has a lot of outside research. It's not exacty practically credible necessarily though because it deals a lot with ethics which can be subjective at times. The article is published in a medical journal though so it should be credible enough for me to use in my paper.
-Simmons, D. (2008) Genetic inequality: Human genetic engineering. Nature Education 1(1)
This source seems pretty credible also. It is published by a site that has a lot of credibility and self-asserts itself as being academic. I think I can use this in my paper, but i'll have to be careful that I use information written by the experts and not people who are replying or commenting.
-Shanks, Pete. Human Genetic Engineering: A Guide for Activists, Skeptics, and the Very Perplexed. New York: Nation Books, 2005.
This book seems very credible becasue the author has a couple of degrees and he has written other scholarly books on similar subjects. The sources for his writing are vast and diverse so I believe he got an objective view of the topic.
-Marks, Stephen. "Tying Prometheus down: The international law of human genetic manipulation". Chicago Journal of International Law . Chicago: University of Chicago Law School, 2002.
This source is credible because it's published by a very known and respected journal. The journal is published by the University of Chicago Law School as well, which leads me to believe that this source is extremely accurate, and worth using on my paper.
-Communications and Public Liaison Branch, "Genome.gov". National Human Genome Research Institute. 10/15/2009 http://www.genome.gov/Research/.
This is a very credible source too. The human genome project is the organization that doesn't the majority of research on human genetics in the U.S. so it's safe to assume that their website has good information.
-AllAboutGOD.com. "Human Genetic Engineering- A Very Hot Issue!". All About Popular Issues. 10/15/2009 http://www.allaboutpopularissues.org/human-genetic-engineering.htm.
This website might not be very credible. On the surface it looks like it holds water, but after further analysis I found that it was created by a religious group so the information is probably swayed to protect religious beliefs and/or interests. I highly doubt i'll be using this source for my paper.
This source seems very credible because it has a lot of outside research. It's not exacty practically credible necessarily though because it deals a lot with ethics which can be subjective at times. The article is published in a medical journal though so it should be credible enough for me to use in my paper.
-Simmons, D. (2008) Genetic inequality: Human genetic engineering. Nature Education 1(1)
This source seems pretty credible also. It is published by a site that has a lot of credibility and self-asserts itself as being academic. I think I can use this in my paper, but i'll have to be careful that I use information written by the experts and not people who are replying or commenting.
-Shanks, Pete. Human Genetic Engineering: A Guide for Activists, Skeptics, and the Very Perplexed. New York: Nation Books, 2005.
This book seems very credible becasue the author has a couple of degrees and he has written other scholarly books on similar subjects. The sources for his writing are vast and diverse so I believe he got an objective view of the topic.
-Marks, Stephen. "Tying Prometheus down: The international law of human genetic manipulation". Chicago Journal of International Law . Chicago: University of Chicago Law School, 2002.
This source is credible because it's published by a very known and respected journal. The journal is published by the University of Chicago Law School as well, which leads me to believe that this source is extremely accurate, and worth using on my paper.
-Communications and Public Liaison Branch, "Genome.gov". National Human Genome Research Institute. 10/15/2009 http://www.genome.gov/Research/.
This is a very credible source too. The human genome project is the organization that doesn't the majority of research on human genetics in the U.S. so it's safe to assume that their website has good information.
-AllAboutGOD.com. "Human Genetic Engineering- A Very Hot Issue!". All About Popular Issues. 10/15/2009 http://www.allaboutpopularissues.org/human-genetic-engineering.htm.
This website might not be very credible. On the surface it looks like it holds water, but after further analysis I found that it was created by a religious group so the information is probably swayed to protect religious beliefs and/or interests. I highly doubt i'll be using this source for my paper.
Friday, October 9, 2009
RJA #8c: Multimedia
Blinkx.com
Keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
Search strategies: some boolean search engine modifiers
Date of search: 10/9/09
18,000 hits
3 out of 5 relevance
Keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
Search strategies: some boolean search engine modifiers
Date of search: 10/9/09
18,000 hits
3 out of 5 relevance
RJA #8b: Social Media
Icerocket.com
Keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, dna
Search Strategies: Advanced search with search engine math
Date searched: 10/9/09
67 hits
3 out of 5 relevance
Feedmill.com
Keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, dna
Search Strategies: Advanced search with search engine math
Date searched: 10/9/09
5,939 hits
3 out of 5 relevance
Keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, dna
Search Strategies: Advanced search with search engine math
Date searched: 10/9/09
67 hits
3 out of 5 relevance
Feedmill.com
Keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, dna
Search Strategies: Advanced search with search engine math
Date searched: 10/9/09
5,939 hits
3 out of 5 relevance
RJA #8a: Websites
Google.com
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
74,700 hits
3.5 out of 5 relevance
Allplus.com Metacrawler
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
140 hits
4.5 out of 5 relevance
Directory-Hound.com
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
77,000 hits
4 out of 5 relevance
Incywincy.com
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
3,451 hits
3.5 out of 5 relevance
Iresearch-reporter.com
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
5 hits
4.5 out of 5 relevance
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
74,700 hits
3.5 out of 5 relevance
Allplus.com Metacrawler
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
140 hits
4.5 out of 5 relevance
Directory-Hound.com
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
77,000 hits
4 out of 5 relevance
Incywincy.com
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
3,451 hits
3.5 out of 5 relevance
Iresearch-reporter.com
keywords: human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, DNA
advanced search with boolean and search engine math
Searched 10/9/09
5 hits
4.5 out of 5 relevance
Thursday, October 8, 2009
Internet Research Project
-IncyWincy
http://www.Incywincy.com
This engine is used to find deep-web information, and in that regard it's very useful. The directory for the site is extensive which is helpful as well, but the overall amount of information in the database isn't comparable to that of google, etc. The other interesting thing about this search tool is that it has an option to search for just larger sites that have searches within them. This would be effective for finding more credible resources possibly because a site is probably professional and legitimate if it has a database that can be searched.
Strengths of IncyWincy are that it can search deep-web information and that it tells you by percentage how relevant the results are to your search terms. Weaknesses are that it isn't that large of a database and that the advanced search tool isn't very in-depth or useful. IncyWincy searches "hundreds of thousands" of other search engines and directories apparently, but the amount of results I got when using it suggests otherwise. This engine accepts some search engine math and parentheses, but doesn't work with boolean search operators. The searches aren't case sensitive so if you accidentally type a capital letter instead of a lowercase-or vice versa, there won't be an effect on the results. Stop words don't work on this site, and the advanced search function isn't anything special. The advanced search gives you an option to search for 'exact phrase', 'all words' or 'any of these words' and allows you to limit the amount of results per page, as well as change the search language. The results are sorted according to relevance determined by IncyWincy's "unique search engine relevancy algorithm", and are displayed in a standard text listing format similar to other basic search engines. IncyWincy seems pretty straightforward and doesn't have a help function or any special features that I can see. Overall it seems like this engine could be very useful, but outside of its deep-web search capabilities it's nothing special.
http://www.Incywincy.com
This engine is used to find deep-web information, and in that regard it's very useful. The directory for the site is extensive which is helpful as well, but the overall amount of information in the database isn't comparable to that of google, etc. The other interesting thing about this search tool is that it has an option to search for just larger sites that have searches within them. This would be effective for finding more credible resources possibly because a site is probably professional and legitimate if it has a database that can be searched.
Strengths of IncyWincy are that it can search deep-web information and that it tells you by percentage how relevant the results are to your search terms. Weaknesses are that it isn't that large of a database and that the advanced search tool isn't very in-depth or useful. IncyWincy searches "hundreds of thousands" of other search engines and directories apparently, but the amount of results I got when using it suggests otherwise. This engine accepts some search engine math and parentheses, but doesn't work with boolean search operators. The searches aren't case sensitive so if you accidentally type a capital letter instead of a lowercase-or vice versa, there won't be an effect on the results. Stop words don't work on this site, and the advanced search function isn't anything special. The advanced search gives you an option to search for 'exact phrase', 'all words' or 'any of these words' and allows you to limit the amount of results per page, as well as change the search language. The results are sorted according to relevance determined by IncyWincy's "unique search engine relevancy algorithm", and are displayed in a standard text listing format similar to other basic search engines. IncyWincy seems pretty straightforward and doesn't have a help function or any special features that I can see. Overall it seems like this engine could be very useful, but outside of its deep-web search capabilities it's nothing special.
Monday, October 5, 2009
RJA #7c: Field Research Plan
For the field research part of my sources i'm planning on conducting an interview of someone who works in the genetics field. Theoretically, i'd like to be able to complete this interview and have the information I need for this portion of the research within the next two to 3 weeks, but who knows exactly how long it will take to get the attention and time of such an expert. When I conduct the interview, I plan on asking some general questions like "do you think that genetic research will be a cure-all solution to disease?" or "does the ethical protestation of genetic research prevent timely breakthroughs?". Then i'll lead into more technical questions so that i'll know some specifics on how the genetic modification process works. "how are different genomes isolated?", "how do you know there won't be adverse consequences to this technology later?"
Thursday, October 1, 2009
RJA #7b: Internet Research Tool Test
Incywincy.com
-search 1
Keywords: Human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, genomes, DNA
strategies: advanced search, boolean operators (only 'AND' and "" though)
10/1/09
6,000 hits
4 out of 5 relevance- top results were very relevant though
-search 2
Keywords: Human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, genomes, DNA, RNA, disease
strategies: advanced search, boolean operators
10/1/09
2,000 hits
4.5 out of 5 relevance
-search 1
Keywords: Human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, genomes, DNA
strategies: advanced search, boolean operators (only 'AND' and "" though)
10/1/09
6,000 hits
4 out of 5 relevance- top results were very relevant though
-search 2
Keywords: Human, genetic, manipulation, engineering, genomes, DNA, RNA, disease
strategies: advanced search, boolean operators
10/1/09
2,000 hits
4.5 out of 5 relevance
RJA #7a: Internet Research Tools
When i'm doing research that isn't regulated quite as much as in this class I use google, ask.com, yahoo, AOL, and bing most frequently. These search engines are, frankly, the only ones I use when trying to find information on a topic. Each of them are better or worse for finding different types of information, but overall i'd have to say that I use google the most because of the convenience and because it has extremely vast coverage and completes large searches quickly (gets the most hits in the shortest time). The problem with google, at times, is that the results it finds sometimes lack relevance to what i'm actually searching for. Ask is sometimes very good for finding the answer to a more specific question, but it doesn't seem to pull the amount of information total that google can. Yahoo is a really good one for finding information related to the news or sports because they have a lot of news stories and such that they link to, as well as being a portal for free registered email. I use AOL on a regular basis simply because of convenience because I have an AOL email account, so sometimes i'm already on the site when I start looking so it's an alright place to begin. Bing.com is a relatively new search engine that i've started using only recently because I saw commercials for it. The good thing about this search engine is that it finds very relevant hits and doesn't include the irrelevant items in the results. The only downside to it is that it seems to have less information in its database than that of google.
http://www.google.com
http://www.yahoo.com
http://www.ask.com
http://www.aol.com
http://www.bing.com
http://www.google.com
http://www.yahoo.com
http://www.ask.com
http://www.aol.com
http://www.bing.com
Thursday, September 24, 2009
RJA #6b: Search Strings
Search engine math-"+genetic+manipulation+(applications OR uses)+ (testing OR research)-"stem cells"-"+possible+uses+human+genetic+(manipulation OR engineering)+consequences+"genetic disease"-"stem cells"
Boolean-Possible OR potential uses OR applications AND genetic OR DNA AND manipulation OR engineering AND testing OR research OR exploring AND consequences OR outcomes-Potential OR possible NEAR use* OR application* AND genetic OR DNA NEAR manipulation OR engineering AND research AND consequences.
Boolean-Possible OR potential uses OR applications AND genetic OR DNA AND manipulation OR engineering AND testing OR research OR exploring AND consequences OR outcomes-Potential OR possible NEAR use* OR application* AND genetic OR DNA NEAR manipulation OR engineering AND research AND consequences.
RJA #6a: Periodical Articles
--Google scholar
keywords: human, genetic, engineering, manipulation, genome
hits- 100,000
relevance- 3 out of 5
-Playing God? Human Genetic Engineering and the Rationalization of Public Bioethical Debate
Vol. 289 No. 10, March 12, 2003
by John H. Evans
page 304
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/289/10/1313
-Antibody engineering via genetic engineering of the mouse: XenoMouse strains are a vehicle for the facile generation of therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T2Y-418YGFH-3&_user=914312&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1022832183&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000047910&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=914312&md5=eb1e7e2ff263f7d41031701cffced3e0
Copyright © 1999 Elsevier Science
by Larry L. Green
-Public Concerns in the United Kingdom about General and
Specific Applications of Genetic Engineering: Risk, Benefit,
and Ethics
Lynn J. Frewer, Chaya Howard and Richard Shepherd
Science Technology Human Values 1997; 22; 98
http://sth.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/22/1/98
-Human gene therapy
WF Anderson
Science, Vol 256, Issue 5058, 808-813Copyright © 1992 by American Association for the Advancement of Science
-Gene Therapy Fulfilling Its Promise
Donald B. Kohn, M.D., and Fabio Candotti, M.D.
Volume 360:518-521 January 29, 2009 Number 5
http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/360/5/518
-Human Genetic Enhancements: A Transhumanist Perspective
Journal
Springer Netherlands
Volume 37, Number 4 / December, 2003
Pages 493-506
Friday, August 11, 2006
http://www.springerlink.com/content/r45507622j852433/fulltext.pdf
--Directory of open access journals
keywords: genetic, engineering, human, genome, DNA
hits-21
relevance-3.5 out of 5
-Minichromosomes: The second generation genetic engineering tool
Aakash Goyal ; Pankaj Kumar Bhowmik, Lethbridge Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB Canada T1J 4B1 ; Saikat Kumar Basu
2009 vol 2 issue 1 pg 1-8
http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=abstract&id=340590&q1=human&f1=all&b1=and&q2=genetic%20engineering&f2=all&recNo=1
-Current ethical problems in cell biology
Josef Berger
Faculty of Social and Health Studies, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Received 10th July 2005.
Published online 2nd September 2005
Journal of applied biomedicine
volume 3, pg. 109–113
http://www.zsf.jcu.cz/jab/3_3/berger.pdf
writing ideas- human genetic engineering could cause the development of new, extremely effective new biological weapons
keywords: human, genetic, engineering, manipulation, genome
hits- 100,000
relevance- 3 out of 5
-Playing God? Human Genetic Engineering and the Rationalization of Public Bioethical Debate
Vol. 289 No. 10, March 12, 2003
by John H. Evans
page 304
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/289/10/1313
-Antibody engineering via genetic engineering of the mouse: XenoMouse strains are a vehicle for the facile generation of therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T2Y-418YGFH-3&_user=914312&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1022832183&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000047910&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=914312&md5=eb1e7e2ff263f7d41031701cffced3e0
Copyright © 1999 Elsevier Science
by Larry L. Green
-Public Concerns in the United Kingdom about General and
Specific Applications of Genetic Engineering: Risk, Benefit,
and Ethics
Lynn J. Frewer, Chaya Howard and Richard Shepherd
Science Technology Human Values 1997; 22; 98
http://sth.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/22/1/98
-Human gene therapy
WF Anderson
Science, Vol 256, Issue 5058, 808-813Copyright © 1992 by American Association for the Advancement of Science
-Gene Therapy Fulfilling Its Promise
Donald B. Kohn, M.D., and Fabio Candotti, M.D.
Volume 360:518-521 January 29, 2009 Number 5
http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/360/5/518
-Human Genetic Enhancements: A Transhumanist Perspective
Journal
Springer Netherlands
Volume 37, Number 4 / December, 2003
Pages 493-506
Friday, August 11, 2006
http://www.springerlink.com/content/r45507622j852433/fulltext.pdf
--Directory of open access journals
keywords: genetic, engineering, human, genome, DNA
hits-21
relevance-3.5 out of 5
-Minichromosomes: The second generation genetic engineering tool
Aakash Goyal ; Pankaj Kumar Bhowmik, Lethbridge Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB Canada T1J 4B1 ; Saikat Kumar Basu
2009 vol 2 issue 1 pg 1-8
http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=abstract&id=340590&q1=human&f1=all&b1=and&q2=genetic%20engineering&f2=all&recNo=1
-Current ethical problems in cell biology
Josef Berger
Faculty of Social and Health Studies, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Received 10th July 2005.
Published online 2nd September 2005
Journal of applied biomedicine
volume 3, pg. 109–113
http://www.zsf.jcu.cz/jab/3_3/berger.pdf
writing ideas- human genetic engineering could cause the development of new, extremely effective new biological weapons
Thursday, September 17, 2009
RJA #5b: Finding Books
Auraria library search
keywords: human genetic engineering
basic search on the auraria library site, 9/17, 100+ hits, 3 out of 5 relevance-less relevant further down the list.
Genetic engineering
David M Haugen; Susan Musser
Detroit : Greenhaven Press, ©2009
Remaking Eden : cloning and beyond in a brave new world
Author:
Lee M Silver
Publisher:
New York : Avon Books, ©1997.
1st edition
Engineering the human germline : an exploration of the science and ethics of altering the genes we pass to our children
Author:
Gregory Stock; John H Campbell
Publisher:
New York : Oxford University Press, 2000
1st edition
keywords: human genetic engineering
basic search on the auraria library site, 9/17, 100+ hits, 3 out of 5 relevance-less relevant further down the list.
Genetic engineering
David M Haugen; Susan Musser
Detroit : Greenhaven Press, ©2009
Remaking Eden : cloning and beyond in a brave new world
Author:
Lee M Silver
Publisher:
New York : Avon Books, ©1997.
1st edition
Engineering the human germline : an exploration of the science and ethics of altering the genes we pass to our children
Author:
Gregory Stock; John H Campbell
Publisher:
New York : Oxford University Press, 2000
1st edition
RJA #5a: Finding Reference Articles
citizendium.com
keywords: genetic, manipulation, engineering, human, dna
advanced search with keywords used. searched 9/17, 3 hits, 4 out of 5 on relevance
I found some basic information on DNA, genetic engineering and the isolation of human genomes.
found another article on the same search engine that deals with public acceptance of genetic manipulation and certain applications of this technology
Biofact.com
keywords: genetic, manipulation, engineering, human, dna, rna
searched articles-basic search, 9/17, 5 hits, 3 out of 5 on relevance
i found some more basic information on DNA, RNA and the isolation of human genomes, as well as opinions on 'playing God' from an ethical point of view
genome.gov
keywords:""
searched articles that highlighted the human genome project's research, 9/17, 8 hits, 4.5 out of 5 on relevance.
I found some really interesting information on developing research regarding human genetic engineering and the isolation of genomes
keywords: genetic, manipulation, engineering, human, dna
advanced search with keywords used. searched 9/17, 3 hits, 4 out of 5 on relevance
I found some basic information on DNA, genetic engineering and the isolation of human genomes.
found another article on the same search engine that deals with public acceptance of genetic manipulation and certain applications of this technology
Biofact.com
keywords: genetic, manipulation, engineering, human, dna, rna
searched articles-basic search, 9/17, 5 hits, 3 out of 5 on relevance
i found some more basic information on DNA, RNA and the isolation of human genomes, as well as opinions on 'playing God' from an ethical point of view
genome.gov
keywords:""
searched articles that highlighted the human genome project's research, 9/17, 8 hits, 4.5 out of 5 on relevance.
I found some really interesting information on developing research regarding human genetic engineering and the isolation of genomes
Thursday, September 10, 2009
RJA# 4b: Writing Search Strings
Search engine math
-"+genetic+manipulation+(applications OR uses)+ (testing OR research)-"stem cells"
-"+possible+uses+human+genetic+(manipulation OR engineering)+consequences+"genetic disease"-"stem cells"
Boolean
-Possible OR potential uses OR applications AND genetic OR DNA AND manipulation OR engineering AND testing OR research OR exploring AND consequences OR outcomes
-Potential OR possible NEAR use* OR application* AND genetic OR DNA NEAR manipulation OR engineering AND research AND consequences.
-"+genetic+manipulation+(applications OR uses)+ (testing OR research)-"stem cells"
-"+possible+uses+human+genetic+(manipulation OR engineering)+consequences+"genetic disease"-"stem cells"
Boolean
-Possible OR potential uses OR applications AND genetic OR DNA AND manipulation OR engineering AND testing OR research OR exploring AND consequences OR outcomes
-Potential OR possible NEAR use* OR application* AND genetic OR DNA NEAR manipulation OR engineering AND research AND consequences.
RJA# 4A Generating Keywords
Research Question- Are the potential applications of human genetic manipulation worth exploring considering possible ethical and practical consequences?
Potential-possible-opportunity-potentially
Applications-uses-apply-functions
Human-people-society-civilization
Genetic-DNA-RNA-genomes-gene
Manipulation-manipulate-engineer-alter-change
Exploring-explore-look-research-studying-testing
Consequences-consequence-consequential-outcomes-results
Potential-possible-opportunity-potentially
Applications-uses-apply-functions
Human-people-society-civilization
Genetic-DNA-RNA-genomes-gene
Manipulation-manipulate-engineer-alter-change
Exploring-explore-look-research-studying-testing
Consequences-consequence-consequential-outcomes-results
Sunday, September 6, 2009
RJA#3C
Research Question?
who does genetic manipulation affect?
how is genetic manipulation achieved?
what are the outcomes of manipulating genes to combat genetic disease?
where is this technology accepted? implemented? researched?
when will genetic manipulation be accepted throughout the world?
when will this technology be more efficient? applied to public society?
why is genetic manipulation being used on embryos?
who wants to use genetic manipulation? doesn't?
what are the applictions and potential resulting consequences of genetic manipulation in humans for curing genetic disease?
who does genetic manipulation affect?
how is genetic manipulation achieved?
what are the outcomes of manipulating genes to combat genetic disease?
where is this technology accepted? implemented? researched?
when will genetic manipulation be accepted throughout the world?
when will this technology be more efficient? applied to public society?
why is genetic manipulation being used on embryos?
who wants to use genetic manipulation? doesn't?
what are the applictions and potential resulting consequences of genetic manipulation in humans for curing genetic disease?
RJA#3B
Genetic manipulation in human beings, as a topic, has a slew of possibly useful information for writing my paper. The only problem is that because genetic manipulation is such a huge array of different interconnected, scientific information, its hard to focus on an aspect or particular issue that is narrow enough. For my research to be efficient, I need to narrow my topic as soon as possible! I think that if I focused on the controversy between the genetic manipulation of humans for medical applications it would be easier to cover, but still there is a lot of information because of how immensly impactful this technology could be. To narrow the topic I used the focusing questions and found that i'm most interested in the uses that involve reproduction and genetic disease. This smaller division of information within the controversy as a whole should be sufficient to write a well-researched paper.
RJA #3A
Genetic engineering @ wikipedia- direct manipulation unlike breeding, 5 step process, creation of living art forms (bioart), applications-mostly for vaccines thus far but promising for curing genetic disease. Has potential to alter human appearance, adaptability, intelligence, character, and behaviour. It can potentially be used in creating more dramatic changes.
biofact.com- Explains the difference between different types of genetic manipulation from natural selection (occurs naturally) to selective breeding, to cloning. This site has some interesting technical information about how some of these processes are done and also highlights some of the controversy on the subject.
eubios.info/Papers/HGT92- Has more information on public acceptance or lack thereof, and gives a semi-detailed description of why there's such an impassioned and fearful dislike of such technologies. Also, this site has statistical data on where human gene therapy and other applications of genetic manipulation are being used around the world.
biofact.com- Explains the difference between different types of genetic manipulation from natural selection (occurs naturally) to selective breeding, to cloning. This site has some interesting technical information about how some of these processes are done and also highlights some of the controversy on the subject.
eubios.info/Papers/HGT92- Has more information on public acceptance or lack thereof, and gives a semi-detailed description of why there's such an impassioned and fearful dislike of such technologies. Also, this site has statistical data on where human gene therapy and other applications of genetic manipulation are being used around the world.
Thursday, August 27, 2009
RJA# 2B: Research Topic
1) The genetic manipulation of human beings and its ethical and practical applications or consequences. I chose this topic because it was briefly discussed in two of my classes last semester. My ethics teacher considered the application of ethical theories to this dilemma and whether such innovations contradict morals, whereas my psychology professor emphasized the practical use and beneficial aspects of such science. I would like to further investigate this issue and develop an informed position on whether it would be good for humanity or not based on both sides of the argument.
2) I already know that genetic manipulation is being used in laboratories to research cures to diseases, etc. Also, scientists have been able to isolate particular genomes that are attributed to hair color, eye color, resistance to disease, etc. and are manipulating the genes in an effort to find a way to engineer stronger, 'better' people. This science goes against many ideals of some ethical theories and although it may have benevolent applications, it may also have malignant consequences.
3) I don't know the particular ways that genetics are being manipulated, and it would be interesting to find out what protocols or guidelines the scientists follow while experimenting with human DNA. I'd also like to find out more about the facts that support the legitimacy of genetic manipulation because my previous knowledge is more focused on the criticisms. The particular science and methods used in genetic experiments would be an interesting piece of information to investigate because it sounds like an extremely complex and technical process.
2) I already know that genetic manipulation is being used in laboratories to research cures to diseases, etc. Also, scientists have been able to isolate particular genomes that are attributed to hair color, eye color, resistance to disease, etc. and are manipulating the genes in an effort to find a way to engineer stronger, 'better' people. This science goes against many ideals of some ethical theories and although it may have benevolent applications, it may also have malignant consequences.
3) I don't know the particular ways that genetics are being manipulated, and it would be interesting to find out what protocols or guidelines the scientists follow while experimenting with human DNA. I'd also like to find out more about the facts that support the legitimacy of genetic manipulation because my previous knowledge is more focused on the criticisms. The particular science and methods used in genetic experiments would be an interesting piece of information to investigate because it sounds like an extremely complex and technical process.
RJA# 2A: Possible Topics
1)Human Genetic Manipulation: Engineering people-Ethical and practical dilemma
2)Native American Land Claims-Free Money or Deserved Compensation
3)Solar Power integration in Colorado
4)Modern Mining-is any mining modern enough to continue?
Topic I chose- #1
2)Native American Land Claims-Free Money or Deserved Compensation
3)Solar Power integration in Colorado
4)Modern Mining-is any mining modern enough to continue?
Topic I chose- #1
Thursday, August 20, 2009
Research Journal #1 Areas of Academic Interest
Areas of Interest:
-Genetic Manipulation
-Native Americans in American History
-Statistical Anomalies in Sports
-Environmentally Friendly Energy Sources
-Capital in Third World Countries
-Psychology: Nature vs. Nurture
-Accounting
-Ethics and Ethical Theories
-Nutrition and Health
-Forestry
-Modern Mining?
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)